Matters needing attention during wire and cable stranding

In order to improve the flexibility and integrity of wires and cables, two or more single wires are intertwined in the specified direction. This process is called stranding. The whole stranding process is divided into conductor stranding, cable forming, braiding, steel wire armor and winding. Any problem in any process will directly affect the cable quality.
What should we pay attention to in the process of stranding? Which links are prone to problems? Do you know all this? Next, let’s introduce the matters needing attention and easy problems in the middle process of wire and AAC Cable twisting.

18 questions and answers about cable stranding process
1. What are the quality requirements for stranded conductor cores?
Answer: the stranded wire core shall be tight, round, straight, without serious bending, strand skipping, scratch and flattening, the copper wire surface shall be free of oxidation, blackening, tin coating falling off or tin particles, uniform pitch, flat and firm joints, neat wire arrangement, AAAC Cable diameter shall meet the tolerance requirements, and length shall meet the specified requirements.
2. What preparations should be made before strand production?
Answer: (1) check whether all parts of the stranding machine are normal and whether there are obstacles in the operating parts( 2) Check whether the electromechanical equipment, electrical switch and fence insurance are normal( 3) Check whether the butt welding machine is normal( 4) Check whether the tools and measuring tools are complete( 5) Select and match the die according to the requirements of the dispatch list and process card, replace the pitch lap gear, replace the twist direction, measure the wire diameter, etc.
3. What are the main reasons for the scratch of stranded wire core and jumper?
Answer: (1) the main causes of abrasion are: the guide wheel is damaged or the conductor jumps out of the guide wheel, the threading pipe is damaged, the die is damaged or too small, and the conductor is crushed or abraded when the disc is rolling. Prevention method: replace the guide wheel to prevent the conductor from jumping out of the guide wheel, replace the threading pipe, select the die and replace the reel( 2) The main reasons for jumper are: the die is too far from the distribution board, the setting out tension is inconsistent, the die is too large, etc. Prevention method: reasonably adjust the distance between the die and the branching board, adjust the base number of setting out tension, and reasonably select the die.
4. What is untwisting? Under what circumstances is the effect significant?
Answer: untwist stranding is to keep each reel equipped with a single line in a horizontal position through a special device (untwist mechanism), so as to ensure that each single line does not produce self twisting deformation in the stranding process. Only when the diameter of the single line is large, the pitch is large and the single line is hard, the untwisting will have a good effect.


5. Which two requirements must the structure of sector core meet?
Answer: (1) the single lines on the center warp of the central layer shall also be arranged on the center line of the sector. If this requirement cannot be guaranteed, when the core is bent, these single lines will be stretched or compressed, resulting in the uplift of the single line, resulting in the change of the shape of the sector core( 2) Slip requirement: that is, the single line around the fan-shaped outer circumference shall be able to slide on the central layer. This is because the insulated fan-shaped line is not twisted back when it is twisted into the cable core, and each single line around the outer circumference tries to slide around the central plane. Therefore, if this requirement is not met, the single line will jump up and damage the shape of the fan-shaped line.
6. For stranded wires in concentric layers, the direction of adjacent layers is specified to be opposite. Why?
Answer: (1) the stranded wire is round. If the adjacent layers are twisted in the same direction, it is easy to embed the single wire of the outer layer into the inner layer, thus damaging the complete circular structure( 2) When the stranded wire is under tension, the rotating torque generated by each layer is opposite, which can offset each other to prevent the loose strand caused by the single wire of each layer rotating in the same direction. At the same time, it can also avoid the looping phenomenon of the stranded ACSR Cables when it is not tensioned( 3) In steel cored aluminum strand, AC impedance can be reduced, corona phenomenon and power loss can be reduced.
7. What are the two methods of twisting insulated cores together? What kind of communication cable is currently used in domestic cities?
Answer: twisted pair and star twisted pair. At present, twisted pair communication cables are used in domestic cities.
8. What’s the reason why the inlet of the die hole of the die used in twisting the cable is in the shape of a horn?
Answer: the horn shape at the inlet of the die hole has two advantages: (1) to gradually compress the twisted cable core( 2) It will not scratch the cable core.


9. What are the main differences between a winch and a cage winch?
Answer: the stranding part of the cage winch is connected with the paying off device, while the stranding part of the winch is not connected with the paying off device, but with the traction device and take-up device.
10. In terms of structure, what are the wrapping forms of the package for cabling?
A: there are three types: simple type, plane type, tangent or semi tangent type. The simple wrapping head is a wrapping in which the wrapping reel is at an angle with the group or the cable core axis. The flat winding head is the winding in which the tape reel is perpendicular to the wire group or cable mandrel, and the tangent (half tangent) winding head is the winding in which the tape reel is parallel to the wire group or cable mandrel.
11. The trial fraction shows the relationship between the package noise pitch H (mm) and the forward speed V (M / min) of the cable core and the number of revolutions n (R / min) of the package head rotating around the cable core.
Answer: H = V / N = 1000 (mm)
12. What is the difference between unit stranding and concentric stranding?
Answer: the stranding direction of each layer of unit stranding cable core is the same, and the multiple of stranding distance is large, which is about 1.5 times that of concentric stranding. The unit quantity in each layer of cable core does not follow the rule of N + 6. The reason is that it is necessary to completely fill the cable core to cause deformation, so that each unit no longer maintains the original circle. The unit quantity of each floor basically follows the rule of N + 4.
13. What is a cable? How many deformations are there when the insulated core is cabled?
Answer: the process of twisting multiple insulated cores into cables according to certain rules is called cable. When the insulated core is cabled, there are two kinds of deformation: one is the bending deformation caused by the core around the cylinder, and the other is the torsional deformation caused by the direction of the spiral wire.
14. What is reverse twist? Why do we use untwist to form cables with circular cores?
Answer: when stranding, the method of reverse twisting of the wire is called untwisting. For the circular core cable, the untwisted cable is mostly used to reduce the core deformation, avoid damaging the insulation due to deformation, and make the cable have good flexibility.
15. What are the main qualities and requirements of auxiliary materials in the cable forming process of power cables?
Answer: the auxiliary materials in the cable forming process of power cable include: filler rope liner, tie belt and shielding belt, which shall have heat resistance, non water absorption, consistent cable working conditions and no corrosive insulating materials. The tie belt for filling and lining shall have considerable mechanical properties and meet the process requirements.
16. General selection principle of cable forming die for sector core? What should we pay attention to in the specific operation process?
Answer: the first mold is 1.0 ~ 3.0mm larger than the outer diameter of the cable, and the second mold is 0 ~ 0.6mm smaller than the outer diameter of the cable. The third die is 0 ~ 0.2mm smaller than the outer diameter of the finished cable. Pay attention to the actual use of the die. The cable cannot swing in the die, the cable core does not feel loose when rotating by hand, and the heat generated by the friction between the die and the insulated wire core should not be hot. The surface of the pressing die of the insulated wire core shall be smooth without damage and other marks.
17. After the completion of a certain specification of control cable, it is found that the conductor is thin or even broken, and the main causes are analyzed?
A: the following reasons lead to fine drawing and fracture: (1) excessive setting out tension( 2) Wire clamp at wire nozzle( 3) The insulation of the wire core is wrapped, and the part is thick( 4) The wire joint is not firm( 5) The take-up force is too large.
18. Causes and preventive measures of fan-shaped insulated wire core turning over?
Answer: the causes of fan-shaped insulated wire core turning over are: (1) insufficient pre torsion angle( 2) When the pay off reel is on, the core row turns over, and the core is thick( 3) The wire core is twisted back during the split footwall, resulting in turning over. The prevention methods are: (1) adjust the distance between the pre angle spring die and the core guide wheel( 2) Adjust the pre twist angle, arrange the line on the pay off reel once, turn the reel if necessary, and the line shall be neat and not loose.