Common rubber cable classification, process, cable rubber material introduction!

Rubber insulated wire and cable has experienced more than 100 years of development. It is the oldest variety of all wire and cable products. Rubber insulated wire and cable are mostly used in the occasions of harsh working conditions and moving. With the development of rubber industry, various kinds of synthetic rubber have been developed continuously, such as silicone rubber, neoprene rubber, rubber already made rubber, etc., which greatly improved the performance of rubber insulated wires and cables. Besides the inherent advantages of natural rubber, it also increased the oil resistance, cold resistance and heat resistance. Thus, the rubber insulated wire and cable are more abundant and widely used.

Common rubber sheath cable products

Rubber insulated wires and cables are widely used, most of which are used in electrical equipment, and are the products with the widest range, the most varieties and the largest production volume. According to its different purposes, it can be roughly divided into:
General rubber wire and cable; Lead in connection of motor and electric appliances; Cables for rolling stock; Rubber sheath flexible cable; Rubber sheathed soft cable for mining; Marine cables; Cables for geological exploration and petroleum industry; Rubber insulated power cable and rubber insulated control cable.
Common rubber insulated cables include: general rubber sheath soft cable, rubber sheath soft cable, rubber cable, welding machine cable, diving motor soft cable.
1. General rubber sleeve soft cable
The general rubber sheath soft cable is widely used in industrial and agricultural and daily electrical as the mobile power line connecting electrical devices. It can be used in various outdoor and outdoor environments. According to the external force, the products are divided into two types: medium and heavy:
1. Medium sized cable: it should be flexible enough to facilitate movement and bending. The AAC Cable is light in weight and small in outer diameter. It is very convenient to use and does not bear external force.
2. Heavy cable: it shall be able to bear the effect of large mechanical external force (extrusion and impact). The sheath has high mechanical properties, good wear resistance and elasticity, and it should also have certain softness and easy to bend and move.
The general rubber sleeve flexible cable moves frequently, and is often subjected to bending, twisting, friction and other mechanical external forces in use. All requirements of the cable are soft and wear-resistant. And often contact with oil, outdoor cable also can withstand the sun, so also requires that this kind of cable has the sun aging resistance and oil resistance and moisture resistance.


2. Rubber sleeve soft cable for mining
Rubber sheathed soft cable is widely used in coal mines and other mines. There are a lot of combustible and combustible materials such as gas and dust in the mine. The electrical safety requirements are very strict, and the mine is humid and may have corrosive substances. The cable moves frequently and is often impacted by bending, twisting, dragging and smashing. The cable used in the open air and field can also bear the function of sunlight, so the requirements for mine cables are very strict. The conductor core shall be highly flexible and shall be twisted with small pitch with thin soft copper wire. The insulation shall have high electrical resistance and mechanical strength. It is required that the cable is soft, wear-resistant, impact resistant, can be bent frequently, and also has good flame retardant performance. The sheath of cable is much thicker than that of general rubber sheath soft cable to increase the impact resistance and crush resistance of cable.
3. Electric welding machine cable
The cable of electric welding machine is characterized by low voltage, high current and frequent movement. It is often subjected to torsion, bending and dragging in use. The use environment may be acid, alkali, oil, etc. Therefore, the conductor core of electric welding machine cable shall be very soft, the insulation shall be flame retardant, and the sheath shall have the properties of wear-resistant and oil-resistant and atmospheric aging. See the table below for the production capacity of common electric welding cables.
4. Waterproof rubber sleeve soft cable
Waterproof rubber sleeve soft cable is mainly used for connecting power supply to submersible motor or submersible pump with AC voltage of 450/750v and below, and also can be used in oil pollution occasions.

The technological process of rubber insulated wires and cables

Rubber insulated wire and cable is a kind of wire and cable with various structures. The process is different, but it can be divided into two basic processes for its typical products: one is the processing of rubber rubber: rubber plastic refining, adding coordination agent, mixing, extrusion and vulcanization. The second is the processing process of wire and cable products, and the production process of rubber insulated wires and cables.
Rubber processing: according to the rubber formula, the preparation and weighing (ingredients), rubber plastic refining, mixing, extrusion and other processing processes of raw materials and auxiliary materials are collectively referred to as rubber processing.
Vulcanization of rubber: vulcanization is the process of crosslinking the molecular chain to form a solid mesh structure by chemical or other methods.
Rubber processing process guidance:
1. Rubber formula composition and the role of each material!
2. The cooperation and processing of natural rubber
3. Rubber raw material inspection, mixing processing and rubber refining equipment detailed explanation!
4. Rubber formula design basis

Introduction of common rubber materials for electric wires and cables

1、 Natural rubber
It is divided into cigarette and crepe glue, and used in the industry of wire and cable. The main components are rubber hydrocarbon (the basic chemical composition is isoprene, c5h8)
characteristic:
1. High mechanical strength
2. Excellent electrical insulation performance
3. Good elasticity
4. Good cold resistance
5. Good process performance
Disadvantages:
It has the advantages of heat resistance, oxygen aging, ozone resistance, oil resistance, solvent resistance, long burning and limited source.
2、 Styrene butadiene rubber
It is formed by polymerization of two monomers, butanediethylene and styrene. Domestic soft butane-30a is commonly used, which is equivalent to international model 1500 and 1503.
characteristic:
1. The electrical insulation performance is better, but not as good as natural rubber
2. The aging performance of heat-resistant oxygen is better than that of natural rubber, but the ozone resistance is worse than that of natural rubber
3. It has some elasticity, but it is not as good as natural glue
4. The wear resistance is better than that of natural rubber, but the resistance to flexibilities and cold resistance is not as good as that of natural rubber
5. Poor processing performance, small adhesion, large shrinkage, difficult to roll and squeeze
In the electric wire and cable, the styrene butadiene rubber and the natural glue are used in a certain proportion.


3、 EPDM
Ethylene, propylene copolymer, ethylene propylene diene rubber and EPDM
characteristic:
1. Excellent electrical insulation performance
2. Good heat resistance
3. Excellent ozone resistance
4. Good weather resistance
5. Good cold resistance
6. Good chemical corrosion resistance
4、 Neoprene
Chloroprene polymer, divided into general (GN), 54-1 (W) and special type, general purpose for wire and cable industry and 54-1 type.
characteristic:
1. Good mechanical properties
2. Excellent aging resistance
3. It has special non – delay and excellent oil resistance
4. Poor electrical insulation performance
Disadvantages:
It is easy to self sulfur in storage period, and it is easy to cause early vulcanization (i.e. coke burning) and roll dip in industry. Because of its poor insulation performance, it is not generally used as insulation, only used for low-voltage rubber insulated wires.
Because of its excellent ozone resistance, atmospheric aging resistance, superior non flame resistance and high mechanical properties, it is widely used in the sheath of marine cables and mine cables.
5、 Nitrile rubber
It is made of butadiene and acrylonitrile, and is divided into general NBR and special NBR by use.
The hot NBR and cold NBR were divided by polymerization.
According to the different content of propylene, there are bunitrile-18 (propylene content is 18%), nitrile-26 (propylene content is 26%), nitrile-40 (propylene content is 40%), soft and hard.
Nbr-18 and NBR-26 are commonly used in the wire and cable industry.
characteristic:
1. It has excellent oil resistance and solvent resistance. The higher the content of acrylonitrile, the better its oil resistance.
2. General physical and mechanical properties
3. Good heat resistance
4. Good water resistance and low permeability
5. Can be used in combination with other rubber or plastic to improve the performance of rubber.
Disadvantages:
The higher the content of acrylonitrile, the worse the cold resistance, the less brittle the temperature is about-20 ℃. It is not suitable for insulation because of its poor ozone resistance and poor process performance. It can be used as oil resistant electrical insulation sheath, such as motor lead out, oil mine cable, marine cable sheath, etc.
6、 Chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber
It is a derivative of polyethylene. According to the different chlorine content and molecular weight of polyethylene, chlorosulfonated polyethylene 20, chlorosulfonated polyethylene 30, chlorosulfonated polyethylene 40, chlorosulfonated polyethylene 45 are divided. In the wire and cable industry, chlorosulfonated polyethylene 20 and chlorosulfonated polyethylene 40 are generally used.
characteristic:
1. Good physical and mechanical properties
2. It has good heat resistance and can be used continuously at 120 ℃
3. Excellent ozone resistance, sunlight resistance and atmospheric aging resistance, no crack in outdoor exposure for six years
4. It has good fire resistance, second only to fluororubber and neoprene
5. Excellent chemical resistance
6. Good oil resistance
7. It has good corona resistance and radiation resistance
8. It has good process performance and can be used with other rubber.
Disadvantages:
The high compression deformation and poor low temperature performance are the most promising rubber in synthetic rubber. Oxo sulfonated polyethylene 40 is commonly used in insulation and coating. The oxygen sulfonated polyethylene 20 can be used as insulation for low voltage wires.

Rubber matching and processing process guidance:

1. Rubber formula composition and the role of each material!
2. The cooperation and processing of natural rubber
3. Rubber raw material inspection, mixing processing and rubber refining equipment detailed explanation!
4. Rubber formula design basis
5. Production flow chart of Mixing Workshop